Despite the BJP-led NDA securing its third consecutive term with 293 seats in the 2024 general elections, the results reflect a nation at a crossroads of democratic resilience and governance challenges. The close contest, with the opposition INDIA bloc securing 234 seats, signifies a rejection of divisive politics and a demand for unity, peace, and harmony. However, this victory comes with significant drawbacks.
Divisive Tactics and Discontent
The ruling party’s methods have alienated large sections of the population, resulting in protests and unrest. Communal and divisive rhetoric during election rallies has weakened the social fabric, causing long-term harm to national unity. The recent victory, potentially achieved through strategies that undermine democratic values, has led to widespread discontent.
Global Scrutiny on Indian Democracy
India’s democratic state faces intense global scrutiny, with concerns over human rights, press freedom, and minority protection. Despite these issues, the election results highlight the enduring spirit of Indian democracy. The tighter-than-expected contest reflects the resilience and vibrancy of India’s democratic process.
Challenges to Democracy: Calls for Change
Government agencies’ use against opposition leaders, character assassination, and misinformation campaigns reflect a trend towards democratic erosion. Despite these tactics, the INDIA bloc emerged as a powerful opposition. A more organized and united campaign could have yielded better results. The INDIA coalition must now play a constructive role against divisive politics. The country requires a large-scale campaign to redirect political discourse towards constitutional values. The populace is ready for such transformation, and opposition parties must take proactive steps to steer political discourse accordingly.
Inclusive Governance and Democratic Integrity: Insights from Jamaat-e-Islami Hind
Syed Sadatullah Husaini, President of Jamaat-e-Islami Hind, emphasized addressing critical issues like economic slowdown, inflation, and unemployment. He advocated for an inclusive approach transcending religious or caste affiliations. Restoring credibility to autonomous democratic institutions and upholding India’s federal nature is crucial. The voting patterns in states like Uttar Pradesh signify a preference for inclusive development and social justice over communal controversies. Coalition politics highlights citizens’ preference for federalism, decentralization, and consensus-based governance. Key contributors to this electoral change were peasants, farmers, backward classes, and religious minorities.
Lessons Learned: Unity Prevails
The election outcome teaches a lesson to all political parties: efforts to divide people on religious and communal lines have been defeated. The electorate desires harmony and democratic values. Parties must abandon extreme capitalist policies that undermine the common man and refrain from communal and caste differences.
Upholding Democratic Principles
The newly elected government must heed the mandate’s message and move away from hate politics. Key recommendations include:
- Inclusive Governance: Implement inclusive policies reflecting India’s diverse population and embrace diverse cultures while incorporating a wider range of voices in policymaking. Prioritize inclusivity and accountability to foster unity and empower marginalized groups.
- Peace and Justice: Uphold democratic values, human rights, and the rule of law. Commit to transparency, accountability, and inclusive governance to protect all citizens’ rights and address societal rifts caused by divisive rhetoric.
- Social Harmony: Foster communal harmony and counter hate speech and discrimination. Promote tolerance, understanding, and respect for all communities. Address root causes of communal tensions and take action against hate speech propagators.
- Economic Reforms: Introduce policies fostering economic growth and addressing income inequality. Enhance job prospects, invest in infrastructure, education, and skill development, and reduce bureaucratic hurdles for entrepreneurs.
- Healthcare Accessibility: Improve healthcare infrastructure, especially in rural areas. Invest in healthcare facilities, medical professionals, and essential supplies to ensure accessible and affordable healthcare.
- Education for All: Reform the education system for quality education regardless of socio-economic status. Improve infrastructure, teacher training, and curriculum. Restart scholarships for minorities and expand educational opportunities.
- Environmental Sustainability: Promote energy efficiency and transition to renewable energy. Conserve natural resources for long-term sustainability. Mitigate climate change impacts and promote sustainable development.
Conclusion
The 2024 elections present challenges and opportunities for Indian democracy. The BJP’s victory highlights democratic erosion and divisive rhetoric concerns. However, the electorate’s rejection of hate-driven tactics signals a commitment to unity and harmony. Political parties must prioritize inclusivity, social harmony, and economic reforms. The new government must embrace inclusive governance, justice, and social harmony to build a stronger, more resilient democracy. Responsible leadership and inclusive policymaking can address India’s challenges and pave the way for a prosperous future.
[The writer is Assistant Secretary, Jamaat-e-Islami Hind.]